honing-haas-2007a.html (Music Cognition Group Publications)

Honing, H., & Haas, W.B. (2008) Swing once more: Relating timing and tempo in expert jazz drumming.Music Perception, 25(5), 471-476.

Abstract

Swing refers to a characteristic long-short subdivision of the beat that is generally considered a crucial aspect that contributes to the quality of a jazz or pop performance. The current study measures this pattern (referred to as the 'swing ratio') at different tempi in jazz drumming. The experimental setup differs from earlier studies in a number of ways. First, swing ratio's were systematically measured at different beat durations in a musically realistic range. Second, repeated performances were collected to check for consistency. Third, drummers were asked to perform on a full MIDI drum kit, which was conceived as a trade-off between a real concert situation and a typical lab setup. The results show that professional jazz drummers have an enormous control over their timing. Nevertheless, the swing ratio is not kept constant, but it is systematically adapted with global tempo. As such, this study provides further support for the hypothesis that expressive timing generally does not scale with tempo.

Full paper (pdf)

Published as Honing, H., & Haas, W.B. (2008) Swing once more: Relating timing and tempo in expert jazz drumming. Music Perception, 25(5), 471-476. (c) 2008 by the Regents of the University of California.